// -=-=- StartHere -=-=-
//
// # Chapter XI: Measuring a URL
//
// This program shows how to measure an HTTP/HTTPS URL. We
// are going to call an API whose implementation is
// basically the same code we have seen in the previous
// chapter, to obtain an URL measurement in a more compact
// way. (As an historical note, the API we are going to
// call has indeed been written as a refactoring of
// the code we introduced in the previous chapter.)
//
// (This file is auto-generated. Do not edit it directly! To apply
// changes you need to modify `./internal/tutorial/measurex/chapter11/main.go`.)
//
// ## main.go
//
// The beginning of the program is much simpler. We have removed
// our custom measurement type. We are now going to use the
// `URLMeasurement` type (`go doc ./internal/measurex.URLMeasurement`),
// which has the same fields of `measurement` in chapter10 _plus_
// some extra fields that we'll examine in a later chapter.
//
// ```Go
package main

import (
	"context"
	"encoding/json"
	"flag"
	"fmt"
	"time"

	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/measurex"
	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/runtimex"
)

func print(v interface{}) {
	data, err := json.Marshal(v)
	runtimex.PanicOnError(err, "json.Marshal failed")
	fmt.Printf("%s\n", string(data))
}

func main() {
	URL := flag.String("url", "https://www.google.com/", "URL to fetch")
	timeout := flag.Duration("timeout", 60*time.Second, "timeout to use")
	flag.Parse()
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), *timeout)
	defer cancel()
	// ```
	//
	// We create a measurer, cookies, and headers like we
	// saw in the previous chapter.
	//
	// ```Go
	mx := measurex.NewMeasurerWithDefaultSettings()
	cookies := measurex.NewCookieJar()
	headers := measurex.NewHTTPRequestHeaderForMeasuring()
	// ```
	//
	// Then we call `MeasureURL`. This function's implementation
	// is in `./internal/measurex/measurer.go` and is pretty
	// much a refactoring of the code in chapter10.
	//
	// The arguments are:
	//
	// - the context as usual
	//
	// - the unparsed URL to measure
	//
	// - the headers we want to use
	//
	// - a jar for cookies
	//
	// ```Go
	m, err := mx.MeasureURL(ctx, *URL, headers, cookies)
	// ```
	// The return value is either an `URLMeasurement`
	// or an error. The error happens, for example, if
	// the input URL scheme is not "http" or "https" (which
	// we handled by panicking in chapter07).
	//
	// Now, rather than panicking inside `MeasureURL`, we
	// return the error to the caller and we `panic`
	// here on `main` using the `PanicOnError` function.
	//
	// ```Go
	runtimex.PanicOnError(err, "mx.MeasureURL failed")
	print(m)
}

// ```
//
// ## Running the example program
//
// Let us perform a vanilla run first:
//
// ```bash
// go run -race ./internal/tutorial/measurex/chapter11
// ```
//
// Take a look at the JSON output and compare it with:
//
// ```bash
// go run -race ./internal/tutorial/measurex/chapter10 -url https://www.google.com
// ```
//
// (which is basically forcing chapter10 to run with the
// the default URL we use in this chapter).
//
// Can you explain why we are able to measure more endpoints
// in this chapter by checking the implementation of `MeasureURL`
// and compare it to the code written in chapter10?
//
// Now run:
//
// ```bash
// go run -race ./internal/tutorial/measurex/chapter11 -url https://google.com
// ```
//
// Do you see the opportunity there for following redirections? :^).
//
// ## Conclusion
//
// We have introduced `MeasureURL`, the top-level API for
// measuring a single URL.
//
// -=-=- StopHere -=-=-