refactor(netxlite): introduce the getaddrinfo transport (#775)

This diff modifies the system resolver to use a getaddrinf transport.

Obviously the transport is a fake, but its existence will allow us
to observe DNS events more naturally.

A lookup using the system resolver would be a ANY lookup that will
contain all the resolved IP addresses into the same response.

This change was also part of websteps-illustrated, albeit the way in
which I did it there was less clean than what we have here.

Ref issue: https://github.com/ooni/probe/issues/2096

internal/cmd/oohelperd/internal/webconnectivity/webconnectivity_test.go

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func TestWorkingAsIntended(t *testing.T) {
 		Client:            http.DefaultClient,
 		Dialer:            netxlite.DefaultDialer,
 		MaxAcceptableBody: 1 << 24,
-		Resolver:          &netxlite.ResolverSystem{},
+		Resolver:          netxlite.NewResolverSystem(),
 	}
 	srv := httptest.NewServer(handler)
 	defer srv.Close()

internal/engine/netx/netx.go

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ var defaultCertPool *x509.CertPool = netxlite.NewDefaultCertPool()
 // NewResolver creates a new resolver from the specified config
 func NewResolver(config Config) model.Resolver {
 	if config.BaseResolver == nil {
-		config.BaseResolver = &netxlite.ResolverSystem{}
+		config.BaseResolver = netxlite.NewResolverSystem()
 	}
 	var r model.Resolver = config.BaseResolver
 	r = &netxlite.AddressResolver{
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ func NewDNSClientWithOverrides(config Config, URL, hostOverride, SNIOverride,
 	}
 	switch resolverURL.Scheme {
 	case "system":
-		return &netxlite.ResolverSystem{}, nil
+		return netxlite.NewResolverSystem(), nil
 	case "https":
 		config.TLSConfig.NextProtos = []string{"h2", "http/1.1"}
 		httpClient := &http.Client{Transport: NewHTTPTransport(config)}

internal/engine/netx/netx_test.go

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ func TestNewResolverVanilla(t *testing.T) {
 	if !ok {
 		t.Fatal("not the resolver we expected")
 	}
-	_, ok = ar.Resolver.(*netxlite.ResolverSystem)
+	_, ok = ar.Resolver.(*netxlite.ResolverSystemDoNotInstantiate)
 	if !ok {
 		t.Fatal("not the resolver we expected")
 	}
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ func TestNewResolverWithBogonFilter(t *testing.T) {
 	if !ok {
 		t.Fatal("not the resolver we expected")
 	}
-	_, ok = ar.Resolver.(*netxlite.ResolverSystem)
+	_, ok = ar.Resolver.(*netxlite.ResolverSystemDoNotInstantiate)
 	if !ok {
 		t.Fatal("not the resolver we expected")
 	}
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ func TestNewResolverWithLogging(t *testing.T) {
 	if !ok {
 		t.Fatal("not the resolver we expected")
 	}
-	_, ok = ar.Resolver.(*netxlite.ResolverSystem)
+	_, ok = ar.Resolver.(*netxlite.ResolverSystemDoNotInstantiate)
 	if !ok {
 		t.Fatal("not the resolver we expected")
 	}
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ func TestNewResolverWithSaver(t *testing.T) {
 	if !ok {
 		t.Fatal("not the resolver we expected")
 	}
-	_, ok = ar.Resolver.(*netxlite.ResolverSystem)
+	_, ok = ar.Resolver.(*netxlite.ResolverSystemDoNotInstantiate)
 	if !ok {
 		t.Fatal("not the resolver we expected")
 	}
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ func TestNewResolverWithReadWriteCache(t *testing.T) {
 	if !ok {
 		t.Fatal("not the resolver we expected")
 	}
-	_, ok = ar.Resolver.(*netxlite.ResolverSystem)
+	_, ok = ar.Resolver.(*netxlite.ResolverSystemDoNotInstantiate)
 	if !ok {
 		t.Fatal("not the resolver we expected")
 	}
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ func TestNewResolverWithPrefilledReadonlyCache(t *testing.T) {
 	if !ok {
 		t.Fatal("not the resolver we expected")
 	}
-	_, ok = ar.Resolver.(*netxlite.ResolverSystem)
+	_, ok = ar.Resolver.(*netxlite.ResolverSystemDoNotInstantiate)
 	if !ok {
 		t.Fatal("not the resolver we expected")
 	}
@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ func TestNewDNSClientSystemResolver(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if _, ok := dnsclient.(*netxlite.ResolverSystem); !ok {
+	if _, ok := dnsclient.(*netxlite.ResolverSystemDoNotInstantiate); !ok {
 		t.Fatal("not the resolver we expected")
 	}
 	dnsclient.CloseIdleConnections()
@@ -568,7 +568,7 @@ func TestNewDNSClientEmpty(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if _, ok := dnsclient.(*netxlite.ResolverSystem); !ok {
+	if _, ok := dnsclient.(*netxlite.ResolverSystemDoNotInstantiate); !ok {
 		t.Fatal("not the resolver we expected")
 	}
 	dnsclient.CloseIdleConnections()

internal/engine/netx/resolver/integration_test.go

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ func testresolverquickidna(t *testing.T, reso model.Resolver) {
 }
 
 func TestNewResolverSystem(t *testing.T) {
-	reso := &netxlite.ResolverSystem{}
+	reso := netxlite.NewResolverSystem()
 	testresolverquick(t, reso)
 	testresolverquickidna(t, reso)
 }

internal/netxlite/dialer_test.go

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ func TestDialerResolver(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run("fails without a port", func(t *testing.T) {
 			d := &dialerResolver{
 				Dialer:   &DialerSystem{},
-				Resolver: &resolverSystem{},
+				Resolver: newResolverSystem(),
 			}
 			const missingPort = "ooni.nu"
 			conn, err := d.DialContext(context.Background(), "tcp", missingPort)

internal/netxlite/dnsovergetaddrinfo.go

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+package netxlite
+
+//
+// DNS over getaddrinfo: fake transport to allow us to observe
+// lookups using getaddrinfo as a DNSTransport.
+//
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/miekg/dns"
+	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/model"
+)
+
+// dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport is a DNSTransport using getaddrinfo.
+type dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport struct {
+	testableTimeout    time.Duration
+	testableLookupHost func(ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]string, error)
+}
+
+var _ model.DNSTransport = &dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport{}
+
+func (txp *dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport) RoundTrip(
+	ctx context.Context, query model.DNSQuery) (model.DNSResponse, error) {
+	if query.Type() != dns.TypeANY {
+		return nil, ErrNoDNSTransport
+	}
+	addrs, err := txp.lookup(ctx, query.Domain())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	resp := &dnsOverGetaddrinfoResponse{
+		addrs: addrs,
+		query: query,
+	}
+	return resp, nil
+}
+
+type dnsOverGetaddrinfoResponse struct {
+	addrs []string
+	query model.DNSQuery
+}
+
+func (txp *dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport) lookup(
+	ctx context.Context, hostname string) ([]string, error) {
+	// This code forces adding a shorter timeout to the domain name
+	// resolutions when using the system resolver. We have seen cases
+	// in which such a timeout becomes too large. One such case is
+	// described in https://github.com/ooni/probe/issues/1726.
+	addrsch, errch := make(chan []string, 1), make(chan error, 1)
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, txp.timeout())
+	defer cancel()
+	go func() {
+		addrs, err := txp.lookupfn()(ctx, hostname)
+		if err != nil {
+			errch <- err
+			return
+		}
+		addrsch <- addrs
+	}()
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return nil, ctx.Err()
+	case addrs := <-addrsch:
+		return addrs, nil
+	case err := <-errch:
+		return nil, err
+	}
+}
+
+func (txp *dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport) timeout() time.Duration {
+	if txp.testableTimeout > 0 {
+		return txp.testableTimeout
+	}
+	return 15 * time.Second
+}
+
+func (txp *dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport) lookupfn() func(ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]string, error) {
+	if txp.testableLookupHost != nil {
+		return txp.testableLookupHost
+	}
+	return TProxy.DefaultResolver().LookupHost
+}
+
+func (txp *dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport) RequiresPadding() bool {
+	return false
+}
+
+func (txp *dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport) Network() string {
+	return TProxy.DefaultResolver().Network()
+}
+
+func (txp *dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport) Address() string {
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (txp *dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport) CloseIdleConnections() {
+	// nothing
+}
+
+func (r *dnsOverGetaddrinfoResponse) Query() model.DNSQuery {
+	return r.query
+}
+
+func (r *dnsOverGetaddrinfoResponse) Bytes() []byte {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *dnsOverGetaddrinfoResponse) Rcode() int {
+	return 0
+}
+
+func (r *dnsOverGetaddrinfoResponse) DecodeHTTPS() (*model.HTTPSSvc, error) {
+	return nil, ErrNoDNSTransport
+}
+
+func (r *dnsOverGetaddrinfoResponse) DecodeLookupHost() ([]string, error) {
+	return r.addrs, nil
+}
+
+func (r *dnsOverGetaddrinfoResponse) DecodeNS() ([]*net.NS, error) {
+	return nil, ErrNoDNSTransport
+}

internal/netxlite/dnsovergetaddrinfo_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+package netxlite
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/miekg/dns"
+)
+
+func TestDNSOverGetaddrinfo(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("RequiresPadding", func(t *testing.T) {
+		txp := &dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport{}
+		if txp.RequiresPadding() {
+			t.Fatal("expected false")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Network", func(t *testing.T) {
+		txp := &dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport{}
+		if txp.Network() != TProxy.DefaultResolver().Network() {
+			t.Fatal("unexpected Network")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Address", func(t *testing.T) {
+		txp := &dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport{}
+		if txp.Address() != "" {
+			t.Fatal("unexpected Address")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("CloseIdleConnections", func(t *testing.T) {
+		txp := &dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport{}
+		txp.CloseIdleConnections() // does not crash
+	})
+
+	t.Run("check default timeout", func(t *testing.T) {
+		txp := &dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport{}
+		if txp.timeout() != 15*time.Second {
+			t.Fatal("unexpected default timeout")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("check default lookup host func not nil", func(t *testing.T) {
+		txp := &dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport{}
+		if txp.lookupfn() == nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected non-nil func here")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("RoundTrip", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("with invalid query type", func(t *testing.T) {
+			txp := &dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport{
+				testableLookupHost: func(ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]string, error) {
+					return []string{"8.8.8.8"}, nil
+				},
+			}
+			encoder := &DNSEncoderMiekg{}
+			query := encoder.Encode("dns.google", dns.TypeA, false)
+			ctx := context.Background()
+			resp, err := txp.RoundTrip(ctx, query)
+			if !errors.Is(err, ErrNoDNSTransport) {
+				t.Fatal("unexpected err", err)
+			}
+			if resp != nil {
+				t.Fatal("expected nil resp")
+			}
+		})
+
+		t.Run("with success", func(t *testing.T) {
+			txp := &dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport{
+				testableLookupHost: func(ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]string, error) {
+					return []string{"8.8.8.8"}, nil
+				},
+			}
+			encoder := &DNSEncoderMiekg{}
+			query := encoder.Encode("dns.google", dns.TypeANY, false)
+			ctx := context.Background()
+			resp, err := txp.RoundTrip(ctx, query)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			addrs, err := resp.DecodeLookupHost()
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if len(addrs) != 1 || addrs[0] != "8.8.8.8" {
+				t.Fatal("invalid addrs")
+			}
+			if resp.Query() != query {
+				t.Fatal("invalid query")
+			}
+			if len(resp.Bytes()) != 0 {
+				t.Fatal("invalid response bytes")
+			}
+			if resp.Rcode() != 0 {
+				t.Fatal("invalid rcode")
+			}
+			https, err := resp.DecodeHTTPS()
+			if !errors.Is(err, ErrNoDNSTransport) {
+				t.Fatal("unexpected err", err)
+			}
+			if https != nil {
+				t.Fatal("expected nil https")
+			}
+			ns, err := resp.DecodeNS()
+			if !errors.Is(err, ErrNoDNSTransport) {
+				t.Fatal("unexpected err", err)
+			}
+			if len(ns) != 0 {
+				t.Fatal("expected zero-length ns")
+			}
+		})
+
+		t.Run("with timeout and success", func(t *testing.T) {
+			wg := &sync.WaitGroup{}
+			wg.Add(1)
+			done := make(chan interface{})
+			txp := &dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport{
+				testableTimeout: 1 * time.Microsecond,
+				testableLookupHost: func(ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]string, error) {
+					defer wg.Done()
+					<-done
+					return []string{"8.8.8.8"}, nil
+				},
+			}
+			encoder := &DNSEncoderMiekg{}
+			query := encoder.Encode("dns.google", dns.TypeANY, false)
+			ctx := context.Background()
+			resp, err := txp.RoundTrip(ctx, query)
+			if !errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) {
+				t.Fatal("unexpected err", err)
+			}
+			if resp != nil {
+				t.Fatal("invalid resp")
+			}
+			close(done)
+			wg.Wait()
+		})
+
+		t.Run("with timeout and failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+			wg := &sync.WaitGroup{}
+			wg.Add(1)
+			done := make(chan interface{})
+			txp := &dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport{
+				testableTimeout: 1 * time.Microsecond,
+				testableLookupHost: func(ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]string, error) {
+					defer wg.Done()
+					<-done
+					return nil, errors.New("no such host")
+				},
+			}
+			encoder := &DNSEncoderMiekg{}
+			query := encoder.Encode("dns.google", dns.TypeANY, false)
+			ctx := context.Background()
+			resp, err := txp.RoundTrip(ctx, query)
+			if !errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) {
+				t.Fatal("not the error we expected", err)
+			}
+			if resp != nil {
+				t.Fatal("invalid resp")
+			}
+			close(done)
+			wg.Wait()
+		})
+
+		t.Run("with NXDOMAIN", func(t *testing.T) {
+			txp := &dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport{
+				testableLookupHost: func(ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]string, error) {
+					return nil, ErrOODNSNoSuchHost
+				},
+			}
+			encoder := &DNSEncoderMiekg{}
+			query := encoder.Encode("dns.google", dns.TypeANY, false)
+			ctx := context.Background()
+			resp, err := txp.RoundTrip(ctx, query)
+			if err == nil || !strings.HasSuffix(err.Error(), "no such host") {
+				t.Fatal("not the error we expected", err)
+			}
+			if resp != nil {
+				t.Fatal("invalid resp")
+			}
+		})
+	})
+}

internal/netxlite/legacy.go

@@ -10,32 +10,33 @@ package netxlite
 var (
 	DefaultDialer        = &DialerSystem{}
 	DefaultTLSHandshaker = defaultTLSHandshaker
+	NewResolverSystem    = newResolverSystem
 	NewConnUTLS          = newConnUTLS
-	DefaultResolver      = &resolverSystem{}
+	DefaultResolver      = newResolverSystem()
 )
 
 // These types export internal names to legacy ooni/probe-cli code.
 //
 // Deprecated: do not use these names in new code.
 type (
-	DialerResolver            = dialerResolver
-	DialerLogger              = dialerLogger
-	HTTPTransportWrapper      = httpTransportConnectionsCloser
-	HTTPTransportLogger       = httpTransportLogger
-	ErrorWrapperDialer        = dialerErrWrapper
-	ErrorWrapperQUICListener  = quicListenerErrWrapper
-	ErrorWrapperQUICDialer    = quicDialerErrWrapper
-	ErrorWrapperResolver      = resolverErrWrapper
-	ErrorWrapperTLSHandshaker = tlsHandshakerErrWrapper
-	QUICListenerStdlib        = quicListenerStdlib
-	QUICDialerQUICGo          = quicDialerQUICGo
-	QUICDialerResolver        = quicDialerResolver
-	QUICDialerLogger          = quicDialerLogger
-	ResolverSystem            = resolverSystem
-	ResolverLogger            = resolverLogger
-	ResolverIDNA              = resolverIDNA
-	TLSHandshakerConfigurable = tlsHandshakerConfigurable
-	TLSHandshakerLogger       = tlsHandshakerLogger
-	TLSDialerLegacy           = tlsDialer
-	AddressResolver           = resolverShortCircuitIPAddr
+	DialerResolver                 = dialerResolver
+	DialerLogger                   = dialerLogger
+	HTTPTransportWrapper           = httpTransportConnectionsCloser
+	HTTPTransportLogger            = httpTransportLogger
+	ErrorWrapperDialer             = dialerErrWrapper
+	ErrorWrapperQUICListener       = quicListenerErrWrapper
+	ErrorWrapperQUICDialer         = quicDialerErrWrapper
+	ErrorWrapperResolver           = resolverErrWrapper
+	ErrorWrapperTLSHandshaker      = tlsHandshakerErrWrapper
+	QUICListenerStdlib             = quicListenerStdlib
+	QUICDialerQUICGo               = quicDialerQUICGo
+	QUICDialerResolver             = quicDialerResolver
+	QUICDialerLogger               = quicDialerLogger
+	ResolverSystemDoNotInstantiate = resolverSystem // instantiate => crash w/ nil transport
+	ResolverLogger                 = resolverLogger
+	ResolverIDNA                   = resolverIDNA
+	TLSHandshakerConfigurable      = tlsHandshakerConfigurable
+	TLSHandshakerLogger            = tlsHandshakerLogger
+	TLSDialerLegacy                = tlsDialer
+	AddressResolver                = resolverShortCircuitIPAddr
 )

internal/netxlite/resolvercore.go

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/miekg/dns"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/model"
 	"golang.org/x/net/idna"
 )
@@ -24,7 +25,13 @@ var ErrNoDNSTransport = errors.New("operation requires a DNS transport")
 // NewResolverStdlib creates a new Resolver by combining WrapResolver
 // with an internal "system" resolver type.
 func NewResolverStdlib(logger model.DebugLogger) model.Resolver {
-	return WrapResolver(logger, &resolverSystem{})
+	return WrapResolver(logger, newResolverSystem())
+}
+
+func newResolverSystem() *resolverSystem {
+	return &resolverSystem{
+		t: &dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport{},
+	}
 }
 
 // NewResolverUDP creates a new Resolver using DNS-over-UDP.
@@ -73,62 +80,31 @@ func WrapResolver(logger model.DebugLogger, resolver model.Resolver) model.Resol
 
 // resolverSystem is the system resolver.
 type resolverSystem struct {
-	testableTimeout    time.Duration
-	testableLookupHost func(ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]string, error)
+	t model.DNSTransport
 }
 
 var _ model.Resolver = &resolverSystem{}
 
 func (r *resolverSystem) LookupHost(ctx context.Context, hostname string) ([]string, error) {
-	// This code forces adding a shorter timeout to the domain name
-	// resolutions when using the system resolver. We have seen cases
-	// in which such a timeout becomes too large. One such case is
-	// described in https://github.com/ooni/probe/issues/1726.
-	addrsch, errch := make(chan []string, 1), make(chan error, 1)
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, r.timeout())
-	defer cancel()
-	go func() {
-		addrs, err := r.lookupHost()(ctx, hostname)
-		if err != nil {
-			errch <- err
-			return
-		}
-		addrsch <- addrs
-	}()
-	select {
-	case <-ctx.Done():
-		return nil, ctx.Err()
-	case addrs := <-addrsch:
-		return addrs, nil
-	case err := <-errch:
+	encoder := &DNSEncoderMiekg{}
+	query := encoder.Encode(hostname, dns.TypeANY, false)
+	resp, err := r.t.RoundTrip(ctx, query)
+	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-}
-
-func (r *resolverSystem) timeout() time.Duration {
-	if r.testableTimeout > 0 {
-		return r.testableTimeout
-	}
-	return 15 * time.Second
-}
-
-func (r *resolverSystem) lookupHost() func(ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]string, error) {
-	if r.testableLookupHost != nil {
-		return r.testableLookupHost
-	}
-	return TProxy.DefaultResolver().LookupHost
+	return resp.DecodeLookupHost()
 }
 
 func (r *resolverSystem) Network() string {
-	return TProxy.DefaultResolver().Network()
+	return r.t.Network()
 }
 
 func (r *resolverSystem) Address() string {
-	return ""
+	return r.t.Address()
 }
 
 func (r *resolverSystem) CloseIdleConnections() {
-	// nothing to do
+	r.t.CloseIdleConnections()
 }
 
 func (r *resolverSystem) LookupHTTPS(
@@ -138,11 +114,6 @@ func (r *resolverSystem) LookupHTTPS(
 
 func (r *resolverSystem) LookupNS(
 	ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]*net.NS, error) {
-	// TODO(bassosimone): figure out in which context it makes sense
-	// to issue this query. How is this implemented under the hood by
-	// the stdlib? Is it using /etc/resolve.conf on Unix? Until we
-	// known all these details, let's pretend this functionality does
-	// not exist in the stdlib and focus on custom resolvers.
 	return nil, ErrNoDNSTransport
 }
 

internal/netxlite/resolvercore_test.go

@@ -6,12 +6,11 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"net"
 	"strings"
-	"sync"
 	"testing"
-	"time"
 
 	"github.com/apex/log"
 	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
+	"github.com/miekg/dns"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/model"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/model/mocks"
 )
@@ -25,7 +24,8 @@ func TestNewResolverSystem(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	shortCircuit := logger.Resolver.(*resolverShortCircuitIPAddr)
 	errWrapper := shortCircuit.Resolver.(*resolverErrWrapper)
-	_ = errWrapper.Resolver.(*resolverSystem)
+	reso := errWrapper.Resolver.(*resolverSystem)
+	_ = reso.t.(*dnsOverGetaddrinfoTransport)
 }
 
 func TestNewResolverUDP(t *testing.T) {
@@ -46,112 +46,95 @@ func TestNewResolverUDP(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestResolverSystem(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("Network and Address", func(t *testing.T) {
-		r := &resolverSystem{}
-		if r.Network() != getaddrinfoResolverNetwork() {
+	t.Run("Network", func(t *testing.T) {
+		expected := "antani"
+		r := &resolverSystem{
+			t: &mocks.DNSTransport{
+				MockNetwork: func() string {
+					return expected
+				},
+			},
+		}
+		if r.Network() != expected {
 			t.Fatal("invalid Network")
 		}
-		if r.Address() != "" {
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Address", func(t *testing.T) {
+		expected := "address"
+		r := &resolverSystem{
+			t: &mocks.DNSTransport{
+				MockAddress: func() string {
+					return expected
+				},
+			},
+		}
+		if r.Address() != expected {
 			t.Fatal("invalid Address")
 		}
 	})
 
 	t.Run("CloseIdleConnections", func(t *testing.T) {
-		r := &resolverSystem{}
-		r.CloseIdleConnections() // to cover it
-	})
-
-	t.Run("check default timeout", func(t *testing.T) {
-		r := &resolverSystem{}
-		if r.timeout() != 15*time.Second {
-			t.Fatal("unexpected default timeout")
+		var called bool
+		r := &resolverSystem{
+			t: &mocks.DNSTransport{
+				MockCloseIdleConnections: func() {
+					called = true
+				},
+			},
 		}
-	})
-
-	t.Run("check default lookup host func not nil", func(t *testing.T) {
-		r := &resolverSystem{}
-		if r.lookupHost() == nil {
-			t.Fatal("expected non-nil func here")
+		r.CloseIdleConnections()
+		if !called {
+			t.Fatal("not called")
 		}
 	})
 
 	t.Run("LookupHost", func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run("with success", func(t *testing.T) {
+			expected := []string{"8.8.8.8", "8.8.4.4"}
 			r := &resolverSystem{
-				testableLookupHost: func(ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]string, error) {
-					return []string{"8.8.8.8"}, nil
+				t: &mocks.DNSTransport{
+					MockRoundTrip: func(ctx context.Context, query model.DNSQuery) (model.DNSResponse, error) {
+						if query.Type() != dns.TypeANY {
+							return nil, errors.New("unexpected lookup type")
+						}
+						resp := &mocks.DNSResponse{
+							MockDecodeLookupHost: func() ([]string, error) {
+								return expected, nil
+							},
+						}
+						return resp, nil
+					},
 				},
 			}
 			ctx := context.Background()
-			addrs, err := r.LookupHost(ctx, "example.antani")
+			addrs, err := r.LookupHost(ctx, "dns.google")
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
-			if len(addrs) != 1 || addrs[0] != "8.8.8.8" {
-				t.Fatal("invalid addrs")
+			if diff := cmp.Diff(expected, addrs); diff != "" {
+				t.Fatal(diff)
 			}
 		})
 
-		t.Run("with timeout and success", func(t *testing.T) {
-			wg := &sync.WaitGroup{}
-			wg.Add(1)
-			done := make(chan interface{})
+		t.Run("with failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+			expected := errors.New("mocked")
 			r := &resolverSystem{
-				testableTimeout: 1 * time.Microsecond,
-				testableLookupHost: func(ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]string, error) {
-					defer wg.Done()
-					<-done
-					return []string{"8.8.8.8"}, nil
+				t: &mocks.DNSTransport{
+					MockRoundTrip: func(ctx context.Context, query model.DNSQuery) (model.DNSResponse, error) {
+						if query.Type() != dns.TypeANY {
+							return nil, errors.New("unexpected lookup type")
+						}
+						return nil, expected
+					},
 				},
 			}
 			ctx := context.Background()
-			addrs, err := r.LookupHost(ctx, "example.antani")
-			if !errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) {
-				t.Fatal("not the error we expected", err)
+			addrs, err := r.LookupHost(ctx, "dns.google")
+			if !errors.Is(err, expected) {
+				t.Fatal("unexpected err", err)
 			}
-			if addrs != nil {
-				t.Fatal("invalid addrs")
-			}
-			close(done)
-			wg.Wait()
-		})
-
-		t.Run("with timeout and failure", func(t *testing.T) {
-			wg := &sync.WaitGroup{}
-			wg.Add(1)
-			done := make(chan interface{})
-			r := &resolverSystem{
-				testableTimeout: 1 * time.Microsecond,
-				testableLookupHost: func(ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]string, error) {
-					defer wg.Done()
-					<-done
-					return nil, errors.New("no such host")
-				},
-			}
-			ctx := context.Background()
-			addrs, err := r.LookupHost(ctx, "example.antani")
-			if !errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) {
-				t.Fatal("not the error we expected", err)
-			}
-			if addrs != nil {
-				t.Fatal("invalid addrs")
-			}
-			close(done)
-			wg.Wait()
-		})
-
-		t.Run("with NXDOMAIN", func(t *testing.T) {
-			r := &resolverSystem{
-				testableLookupHost: func(ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]string, error) {
-					return nil, errors.New("no such host")
-				},
-			}
-			ctx := context.Background()
-			addrs, err := r.LookupHost(ctx, "example.antani")
-			if err == nil || !strings.HasSuffix(err.Error(), "no such host") {
-				t.Fatal("not the error we expected", err)
-			}
-			if addrs != nil {
+			if len(addrs) != 0 {
 				t.Fatal("invalid addrs")
 			}
 		})
@@ -174,8 +157,8 @@ func TestResolverSystem(t *testing.T) {
 		if !errors.Is(err, ErrNoDNSTransport) {
 			t.Fatal("not the error we expected")
 		}
-		if ns != nil {
-			t.Fatal("expected nil result")
+		if len(ns) != 0 {
+			t.Fatal("expected no results")
 		}
 	})
 }