refactor: spin geoipx off geolocate (#893)

A bunch of packages (including oohelperd) just need the ability to
use MaxMind-like databases. They don't need the additional functionality
implemented by the geolocate package. Such a package, in fact, is
mostly (if not only) needed by the engine package.

Therefore, move code to query MaxMind-like databases to a separate
package, and avoid depending on geolocate in all the packages for
which it's sufficient to use geoipx.

Part of https://github.com/ooni/probe/issues/2240

internal/cmd/oohelperd/ipinfo.go

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/engine/experiment/webconnectivity"
-	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/engine/geolocate"
+	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/geoipx"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/netxlite"
 )
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ func newIPInfo(creq *ctrlRequest, addrs []string) map[string]*webconnectivity.Co
 		if netxlite.IsBogon(addr) { // note: we already excluded non-IP addrs above
 			flags |= webconnectivity.ControlIPInfoFlagIsBogon
 		}
-		asn, _, _ := geolocate.LookupASN(addr) // AS0 on failure
+		asn, _, _ := geoipx.LookupASN(addr) // AS0 on failure
 		ipinfo[addr] = &webconnectivity.ControlIPInfo{
 			ASN:   int64(asn),
 			Flags: flags,

internal/engine/experiment.go

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/bytecounter"
-	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/engine/geolocate"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/engine/probeservices"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/model"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/version"
@@ -199,7 +198,7 @@ func (e *experiment) newMeasurement(input string) *model.Measurement {
 		Input:                     model.MeasurementTarget(input),
 		MeasurementStartTime:      utctimenow.Format(dateFormat),
 		MeasurementStartTimeSaved: utctimenow,
-		ProbeIP:                   geolocate.DefaultProbeIP,
+		ProbeIP:                   model.DefaultProbeIP,
 		ProbeASN:                  e.session.ProbeASNString(),
 		ProbeCC:                   e.session.ProbeCC(),
 		ProbeNetworkName:          e.session.ProbeNetworkName(),

internal/engine/experiment/webconnectivity/control.go

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package webconnectivity
 import (
 	"context"
 
-	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/engine/geolocate"
+	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/geoipx"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/httpx"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/model"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/netxlite"
@@ -122,9 +122,7 @@ func Control(
 func (dns *ControlDNSResult) FillASNs(sess model.ExperimentSession) {
 	dns.ASNs = []int64{}
 	for _, ip := range dns.Addrs {
-		// TODO(bassosimone): this would be more efficient if we'd open just
+		asn, _, _ := geoipx.LookupASN(ip)
-		// once the database and then reuse it for every address.
-		asn, _, _ := geolocate.LookupASN(ip)
 		dns.ASNs = append(dns.ASNs, int64(asn))
 	}
 }

internal/engine/experiment_test.go

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ func TestExperimentHonoursSharingDefaults(t *testing.T) {
 		name:         "probeIP",
 		locationInfo: &geolocate.Results{ProbeIP: "8.8.8.8"},
 		expect: func(m *model.Measurement) bool {
-			return m.ProbeIP == geolocate.DefaultProbeIP
+			return m.ProbeIP == model.DefaultProbeIP
 		},
 	}, {
 		name:         "probeASN",

internal/engine/geolocate/cloudflare.go

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ func cloudflareIPLookup(
 		UserAgent:  model.HTTPHeaderUserAgent,
 	}).WithBodyLogging().Build().FetchResource(ctx, "/cdn-cgi/trace")
 	if err != nil {
-		return DefaultProbeIP, err
+		return model.DefaultProbeIP, err
 	}
 	r := regexp.MustCompile("(?:ip)=(.*)")
 	ip := strings.Trim(string(r.Find(data)), "ip=")

internal/engine/geolocate/geolocate.go

@@ -10,37 +10,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/version"
 )
 
-const (
-	// DefaultProbeASN is the default probe ASN as a number.
-	DefaultProbeASN uint = 0
-
-	// DefaultProbeCC is the default probe CC.
-	DefaultProbeCC = "ZZ"
-
-	// DefaultProbeIP is the default probe IP.
-	DefaultProbeIP = model.DefaultProbeIP
-
-	// DefaultProbeNetworkName is the default probe network name.
-	DefaultProbeNetworkName = ""
-
-	// DefaultResolverASN is the default resolver ASN.
-	DefaultResolverASN uint = 0
-
-	// DefaultResolverIP is the default resolver IP.
-	DefaultResolverIP = "127.0.0.2"
-
-	// DefaultResolverNetworkName is the default resolver network name.
-	DefaultResolverNetworkName = ""
-)
-
-var (
-	// DefaultProbeASNString is the default probe ASN as a string.
-	DefaultProbeASNString = fmt.Sprintf("AS%d", DefaultProbeASN)
-
-	// DefaultResolverASNString is the default resolver ASN as a string.
-	DefaultResolverASNString = fmt.Sprintf("AS%d", DefaultResolverASN)
-)
-
 // Results contains geolocate results.
 type Results struct {
 	// ASN is the autonomous system number.
@@ -139,13 +108,13 @@ type Task struct {
 func (op Task) Run(ctx context.Context) (*Results, error) {
 	var err error
 	out := &Results{
-		ASN:                 DefaultProbeASN,
+		ASN:                 model.DefaultProbeASN,
-		CountryCode:         DefaultProbeCC,
+		CountryCode:         model.DefaultProbeCC,
-		NetworkName:         DefaultProbeNetworkName,
+		NetworkName:         model.DefaultProbeNetworkName,
-		ProbeIP:             DefaultProbeIP,
+		ProbeIP:             model.DefaultProbeIP,
-		ResolverASN:         DefaultResolverASN,
+		ResolverASN:         model.DefaultResolverASN,
-		ResolverIP:          DefaultResolverIP,
+		ResolverIP:          model.DefaultResolverIP,
-		ResolverNetworkName: DefaultResolverNetworkName,
+		ResolverNetworkName: model.DefaultResolverNetworkName,
 	}
 	ip, err := op.probeIPLookupper.LookupProbeIP(ctx)
 	if err != nil {

internal/engine/geolocate/geolocate_test.go

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/model"
 )
 
 type taskProbeIPLookupper struct {
@@ -25,25 +27,25 @@ func TestLocationLookupCannotLookupProbeIP(t *testing.T) {
 	if !errors.Is(err, expected) {
 		t.Fatalf("not the error we expected: %+v", err)
 	}
-	if out.ASN != DefaultProbeASN {
+	if out.ASN != model.DefaultProbeASN {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ASN value")
 	}
-	if out.CountryCode != DefaultProbeCC {
+	if out.CountryCode != model.DefaultProbeCC {
 		t.Fatal("invalid CountryCode value")
 	}
-	if out.NetworkName != DefaultProbeNetworkName {
+	if out.NetworkName != model.DefaultProbeNetworkName {
 		t.Fatal("invalid NetworkName value")
 	}
-	if out.ProbeIP != DefaultProbeIP {
+	if out.ProbeIP != model.DefaultProbeIP {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ProbeIP value")
 	}
-	if out.ResolverASN != DefaultResolverASN {
+	if out.ResolverASN != model.DefaultResolverASN {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ResolverASN value")
 	}
-	if out.ResolverIP != DefaultResolverIP {
+	if out.ResolverIP != model.DefaultResolverIP {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ResolverIP value")
 	}
-	if out.ResolverNetworkName != DefaultResolverNetworkName {
+	if out.ResolverNetworkName != model.DefaultResolverNetworkName {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ResolverNetworkName value")
 	}
 }
@@ -69,25 +71,25 @@ func TestLocationLookupCannotLookupProbeASN(t *testing.T) {
 	if !errors.Is(err, expected) {
 		t.Fatalf("not the error we expected: %+v", err)
 	}
-	if out.ASN != DefaultProbeASN {
+	if out.ASN != model.DefaultProbeASN {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ASN value")
 	}
-	if out.CountryCode != DefaultProbeCC {
+	if out.CountryCode != model.DefaultProbeCC {
 		t.Fatal("invalid CountryCode value")
 	}
-	if out.NetworkName != DefaultProbeNetworkName {
+	if out.NetworkName != model.DefaultProbeNetworkName {
 		t.Fatal("invalid NetworkName value")
 	}
 	if out.ProbeIP != "1.2.3.4" {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ProbeIP value")
 	}
-	if out.ResolverASN != DefaultResolverASN {
+	if out.ResolverASN != model.DefaultResolverASN {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ResolverASN value")
 	}
-	if out.ResolverIP != DefaultResolverIP {
+	if out.ResolverIP != model.DefaultResolverIP {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ResolverIP value")
 	}
-	if out.ResolverNetworkName != DefaultResolverNetworkName {
+	if out.ResolverNetworkName != model.DefaultResolverNetworkName {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ResolverNetworkName value")
 	}
 }
@@ -116,7 +118,7 @@ func TestLocationLookupCannotLookupProbeCC(t *testing.T) {
 	if out.ASN != 1234 {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ASN value")
 	}
-	if out.CountryCode != DefaultProbeCC {
+	if out.CountryCode != model.DefaultProbeCC {
 		t.Fatal("invalid CountryCode value")
 	}
 	if out.NetworkName != "1234.com" {
@@ -125,13 +127,13 @@ func TestLocationLookupCannotLookupProbeCC(t *testing.T) {
 	if out.ProbeIP != "1.2.3.4" {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ProbeIP value")
 	}
-	if out.ResolverASN != DefaultResolverASN {
+	if out.ResolverASN != model.DefaultResolverASN {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ResolverASN value")
 	}
-	if out.ResolverIP != DefaultResolverIP {
+	if out.ResolverIP != model.DefaultResolverIP {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ResolverIP value")
 	}
-	if out.ResolverNetworkName != DefaultResolverNetworkName {
+	if out.ResolverNetworkName != model.DefaultResolverNetworkName {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ResolverNetworkName value")
 	}
 }
@@ -173,13 +175,13 @@ func TestLocationLookupCannotLookupResolverIP(t *testing.T) {
 	if out.didResolverLookup != true {
 		t.Fatal("invalid DidResolverLookup value")
 	}
-	if out.ResolverASN != DefaultResolverASN {
+	if out.ResolverASN != model.DefaultResolverASN {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ResolverASN value")
 	}
-	if out.ResolverIP != DefaultResolverIP {
+	if out.ResolverIP != model.DefaultResolverIP {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ResolverIP value")
 	}
-	if out.ResolverNetworkName != DefaultResolverNetworkName {
+	if out.ResolverNetworkName != model.DefaultResolverNetworkName {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ResolverNetworkName value")
 	}
 }
@@ -213,13 +215,13 @@ func TestLocationLookupCannotLookupResolverNetworkName(t *testing.T) {
 	if out.didResolverLookup != true {
 		t.Fatal("invalid DidResolverLookup value")
 	}
-	if out.ResolverASN != DefaultResolverASN {
+	if out.ResolverASN != model.DefaultResolverASN {
 		t.Fatalf("invalid ResolverASN value: %+v", out.ResolverASN)
 	}
 	if out.ResolverIP != "4.3.2.1" {
 		t.Fatalf("invalid ResolverIP value: %+v", out.ResolverIP)
 	}
-	if out.ResolverNetworkName != DefaultResolverNetworkName {
+	if out.ResolverNetworkName != model.DefaultResolverNetworkName {
 		t.Fatal("invalid ResolverNetworkName value")
 	}
 }

internal/engine/geolocate/iplookup.go

@@ -91,10 +91,10 @@ func (c ipLookupClient) doWithCustomFunc(
 	defer clnt.CloseIdleConnections()
 	ip, err := fn(ctx, clnt, c.Logger, c.UserAgent)
 	if err != nil {
-		return DefaultProbeIP, err
+		return model.DefaultProbeIP, err
 	}
 	if net.ParseIP(ip) == nil {
-		return DefaultProbeIP, fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrInvalidIPAddress, ip)
+		return model.DefaultProbeIP, fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrInvalidIPAddress, ip)
 	}
 	c.Logger.Debugf("iplookup: IP: %s", ip)
 	return ip, nil
@@ -110,5 +110,5 @@ func (c ipLookupClient) LookupProbeIP(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
 		}
 		union.Add(err)
 	}
-	return DefaultProbeIP, union
+	return model.DefaultProbeIP, union
 }

internal/engine/geolocate/iplookup_test.go

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ func TestIPLookupAllFailed(t *testing.T) {
 	if !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
 		t.Fatal("expected an error here")
 	}
-	if ip != DefaultProbeIP {
+	if ip != model.DefaultProbeIP {
 		t.Fatal("expected the default IP here")
 	}
 }
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ func TestIPLookupInvalidIP(t *testing.T) {
 	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidIPAddress) {
 		t.Fatal("expected an error here")
 	}
-	if ip != DefaultProbeIP {
+	if ip != model.DefaultProbeIP {
 		t.Fatal("expected the default IP here")
 	}
 }

internal/engine/geolocate/mmdblookup.go

@@ -1,54 +1,15 @@
 package geolocate
 
 import (
-	"net"
+	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/geoipx"
-
-	"github.com/ooni/probe-assets/assets"
-	"github.com/oschwald/geoip2-golang"
 )
 
 type mmdbLookupper struct{}
 
-func (mmdbLookupper) LookupASN(ip string) (asn uint, org string, err error) {
+func (mmdbLookupper) LookupASN(ip string) (uint, string, error) {
-	asn, org = DefaultProbeASN, DefaultProbeNetworkName
+	return geoipx.LookupASN(ip)
-	db, err := geoip2.FromBytes(assets.ASNDatabaseData())
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-	defer db.Close()
-	record, err := db.ASN(net.ParseIP(ip))
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-	asn = record.AutonomousSystemNumber
-	if record.AutonomousSystemOrganization != "" {
-		org = record.AutonomousSystemOrganization
-	}
-	return
 }
 
-// LookupASN returns the ASN and the organization associated with the
+func (mmdbLookupper) LookupCC(ip string) (string, error) {
-// given IP address.
+	return geoipx.LookupCC(ip)
-func LookupASN(ip string) (asn uint, org string, err error) {
-	return (mmdbLookupper{}).LookupASN(ip)
-}
-
-func (mmdbLookupper) LookupCC(ip string) (cc string, err error) {
-	cc = DefaultProbeCC
-	db, err := geoip2.FromBytes(assets.CountryDatabaseData())
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-	defer db.Close()
-	record, err := db.Country(net.ParseIP(ip))
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-	// With MaxMind DB we used record.RegisteredCountry.IsoCode but that does
-	// not seem to work with the db-ip.com database. The record is empty, at
-	// least for my own IP address in Italy. --Simone (2020-02-25)
-	if record.Country.IsoCode != "" {
-		cc = record.Country.IsoCode
-	}
-	return
 }

internal/engine/geolocate/mmdblookup_test.go

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-package geolocate
-
-import "testing"
-
-const ipAddr = "8.8.8.8"
-
-func TestLookupASN(t *testing.T) {
-	asn, org, err := LookupASN(ipAddr)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if asn != 15169 {
-		t.Fatal("unexpected ASN value", asn)
-	}
-	if org != "Google LLC" {
-		t.Fatal("unexpected org value", org)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestLookupASNInvalidIP(t *testing.T) {
-	asn, org, err := LookupASN("xxx")
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected an error here")
-	}
-	if asn != DefaultProbeASN {
-		t.Fatal("expected a zero ASN")
-	}
-	if org != DefaultProbeNetworkName {
-		t.Fatal("expected an empty org")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestLookupCC(t *testing.T) {
-	cc, err := (mmdbLookupper{}).LookupCC(ipAddr)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if cc != "US" {
-		t.Fatal("invalid country code", cc)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestLookupCCInvalidIP(t *testing.T) {
-	cc, err := (mmdbLookupper{}).LookupCC("xxx")
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected an error here")
-	}
-	if cc != DefaultProbeCC {
-		t.Fatal("expected an empty cc")
-	}
-}

internal/engine/geolocate/stun.go

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ func stunIPLookup(ctx context.Context, config stunConfig) (string, error) {
 		}
 		clnt, err := dial("udp", config.Endpoint)
 		if err != nil {
-			return DefaultProbeIP, err
+			return model.DefaultProbeIP, err
 		}
 		defer clnt.Close()
 		message := stun.MustBuild(stun.TransactionID, stun.BindingRequest)
@@ -55,20 +55,20 @@ func stunIPLookup(ctx context.Context, config stunConfig) (string, error) {
 			ipch <- xorAddr.IP.String()
 		})
 		if err != nil {
-			return DefaultProbeIP, err
+			return model.DefaultProbeIP, err
 		}
 		select {
 		case err := <-errch:
-			return DefaultProbeIP, err
+			return model.DefaultProbeIP, err
 		case ip := <-ipch:
 			return ip, nil
 		case <-ctx.Done():
-			return DefaultProbeIP, ctx.Err()
+			return model.DefaultProbeIP, ctx.Err()
 		}
 	}()
 	if err != nil {
 		config.Logger.Debugf("STUNIPLookup: failure using %s: %+v", config.Endpoint, err)
-		return DefaultProbeIP, err
+		return model.DefaultProbeIP, err
 	}
 	return ip, nil
 }

internal/engine/geolocate/stun_test.go

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ func TestSTUNIPLookupCanceledContext(t *testing.T) {
 	if !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
 		t.Fatalf("not the error we expected: %+v", err)
 	}
-	if ip != DefaultProbeIP {
+	if ip != model.DefaultProbeIP {
 		t.Fatalf("not the IP address we expected: %+v", ip)
 	}
 }
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func TestSTUNIPLookupDialFailure(t *testing.T) {
 	if !errors.Is(err, expected) {
 		t.Fatalf("not the error we expected: %+v", err)
 	}
-	if ip != DefaultProbeIP {
+	if ip != model.DefaultProbeIP {
 		t.Fatalf("not the IP address we expected: %+v", ip)
 	}
 }
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func TestSTUNIPLookupStartReturnsError(t *testing.T) {
 	if !errors.Is(err, expected) {
 		t.Fatalf("not the error we expected: %+v", err)
 	}
-	if ip != DefaultProbeIP {
+	if ip != model.DefaultProbeIP {
 		t.Fatalf("not the IP address we expected: %+v", ip)
 	}
 }
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ func TestSTUNIPLookupStunEventContainsError(t *testing.T) {
 	if !errors.Is(err, expected) {
 		t.Fatalf("not the error we expected: %+v", err)
 	}
-	if ip != DefaultProbeIP {
+	if ip != model.DefaultProbeIP {
 		t.Fatalf("not the IP address we expected: %+v", ip)
 	}
 }
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ func TestSTUNIPLookupCannotDecodeMessage(t *testing.T) {
 	if !errors.Is(err, stun.ErrAttributeNotFound) {
 		t.Fatalf("not the error we expected: %+v", err)
 	}
-	if ip != DefaultProbeIP {
+	if ip != model.DefaultProbeIP {
 		t.Fatalf("not the IP address we expected: %+v", ip)
 	}
 }

internal/engine/geolocate/ubuntu.go

@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@ func ubuntuIPLookup(
 		UserAgent:  userAgent,
 	}).WithBodyLogging().Build().FetchResource(ctx, "/lookup")
 	if err != nil {
-		return DefaultProbeIP, err
+		return model.DefaultProbeIP, err
 	}
 	logger.Debugf("ubuntu: body: %s", string(data))
 	var v ubuntuResponse
 	err = xml.Unmarshal(data, &v)
 	if err != nil {
-		return DefaultProbeIP, err
+		return model.DefaultProbeIP, err
 	}
 	return v.IP, nil
 }

internal/engine/geolocate/ubuntu_test.go

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ func TestUbuntuParseError(t *testing.T) {
 	if err == nil || !strings.HasPrefix(err.Error(), "XML syntax error") {
 		t.Fatalf("not the error we expected: %+v", err)
 	}
-	if ip != DefaultProbeIP {
+	if ip != model.DefaultProbeIP {
 		t.Fatalf("not the expected IP address: %s", ip)
 	}
 }

internal/engine/session.go

@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ func (s *Session) ProbeASNString() string {
 func (s *Session) ProbeASN() uint {
 	defer s.mu.Unlock()
 	s.mu.Lock()
-	asn := geolocate.DefaultProbeASN
+	asn := model.DefaultProbeASN
 	if s.location != nil {
 		asn = s.location.ASN
 	}
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ func (s *Session) ProbeASN() uint {
 func (s *Session) ProbeCC() string {
 	defer s.mu.Unlock()
 	s.mu.Lock()
-	cc := geolocate.DefaultProbeCC
+	cc := model.DefaultProbeCC
 	if s.location != nil {
 		cc = s.location.CountryCode
 	}
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ func (s *Session) ProbeCC() string {
 func (s *Session) ProbeNetworkName() string {
 	defer s.mu.Unlock()
 	s.mu.Lock()
-	nn := geolocate.DefaultProbeNetworkName
+	nn := model.DefaultProbeNetworkName
 	if s.location != nil {
 		nn = s.location.NetworkName
 	}
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ func (s *Session) ProbeNetworkName() string {
 func (s *Session) ProbeIP() string {
 	defer s.mu.Unlock()
 	s.mu.Lock()
-	ip := geolocate.DefaultProbeIP
+	ip := model.DefaultProbeIP
 	if s.location != nil {
 		ip = s.location.ProbeIP
 	}
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ func (s *Session) ResolverASNString() string {
 func (s *Session) ResolverASN() uint {
 	defer s.mu.Unlock()
 	s.mu.Lock()
-	asn := geolocate.DefaultResolverASN
+	asn := model.DefaultResolverASN
 	if s.location != nil {
 		asn = s.location.ResolverASN
 	}
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ func (s *Session) ResolverASN() uint {
 func (s *Session) ResolverIP() string {
 	defer s.mu.Unlock()
 	s.mu.Lock()
-	ip := geolocate.DefaultResolverIP
+	ip := model.DefaultResolverIP
 	if s.location != nil {
 		ip = s.location.ResolverIP
 	}
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ func (s *Session) ResolverIP() string {
 func (s *Session) ResolverNetworkName() string {
 	defer s.mu.Unlock()
 	s.mu.Lock()
-	nn := geolocate.DefaultResolverNetworkName
+	nn := model.DefaultResolverNetworkName
 	if s.location != nil {
 		nn = s.location.ResolverNetworkName
 	}

internal/engine/session_integration_test.go

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/apex/log"
 	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
-	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/engine/geolocate"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/engine/probeservices"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/model"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/netxlite"
@@ -276,31 +275,31 @@ func TestSessionLocationLookup(t *testing.T) {
 	if err := sess.MaybeLookupLocation(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if sess.ProbeASNString() == geolocate.DefaultProbeASNString {
+	if sess.ProbeASNString() == model.DefaultProbeASNString {
 		t.Fatal("unexpected ProbeASNString")
 	}
-	if sess.ProbeASN() == geolocate.DefaultProbeASN {
+	if sess.ProbeASN() == model.DefaultProbeASN {
 		t.Fatal("unexpected ProbeASN")
 	}
-	if sess.ProbeCC() == geolocate.DefaultProbeCC {
+	if sess.ProbeCC() == model.DefaultProbeCC {
 		t.Fatal("unexpected ProbeCC")
 	}
-	if sess.ProbeIP() == geolocate.DefaultProbeIP {
+	if sess.ProbeIP() == model.DefaultProbeIP {
 		t.Fatal("unexpected ProbeIP")
 	}
-	if sess.ProbeNetworkName() == geolocate.DefaultProbeNetworkName {
+	if sess.ProbeNetworkName() == model.DefaultProbeNetworkName {
 		t.Fatal("unexpected ProbeNetworkName")
 	}
-	if sess.ResolverASN() == geolocate.DefaultResolverASN {
+	if sess.ResolverASN() == model.DefaultResolverASN {
 		t.Fatal("unexpected ResolverASN")
 	}
-	if sess.ResolverASNString() == geolocate.DefaultResolverASNString {
+	if sess.ResolverASNString() == model.DefaultResolverASNString {
 		t.Fatal("unexpected ResolverASNString")
 	}
-	if sess.ResolverIP() == geolocate.DefaultResolverIP {
+	if sess.ResolverIP() == model.DefaultResolverIP {
 		t.Fatal("unexpected ResolverIP")
 	}
-	if sess.ResolverNetworkName() == geolocate.DefaultResolverNetworkName {
+	if sess.ResolverNetworkName() == model.DefaultResolverNetworkName {
 		t.Fatal("unexpected ResolverNetworkName")
 	}
 }

internal/experiment/webconnectivity/analysisdns.go

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"net"
 	"net/url"
 
-	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/engine/geolocate"
+	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/geoipx"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/model"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/netxlite"
 )
@@ -289,11 +289,11 @@ func (tk *TestKeys) analysisDNSDiffASN(probeAddrs, thAddrs []string) (asns []uin
 	)
 	mapping := make(map[uint]int)
 	for _, addr := range probeAddrs {
-		asn, _, _ := geolocate.LookupASN(addr)
+		asn, _, _ := geoipx.LookupASN(addr)
 		mapping[asn] |= inProbe // including the zero ASN that means unknown
 	}
 	for _, addr := range thAddrs {
-		asn, _, _ := geolocate.LookupASN(addr)
+		asn, _, _ := geoipx.LookupASN(addr)
 		mapping[asn] |= inTH // including the zero ASN that means unknown
 	}
 	for asn, where := range mapping {

internal/geoipx/geoipx.go

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+// Package geoipx contains code to use the embedded MaxMind-like databases.
+package geoipx
+
+import (
+	"net"
+
+	"github.com/ooni/probe-assets/assets"
+	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/model"
+	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/runtimex"
+	"github.com/oschwald/geoip2-golang"
+)
+
+// TODO(bassosimone): this would be more efficient if we'd open just
+// once the database and then reuse it for every address.
+
+// LookupASN maps [ip] to an AS number and an AS organization name.
+func LookupASN(ip string) (asn uint, org string, err error) {
+	asn, org = model.DefaultProbeASN, model.DefaultProbeNetworkName
+	db, err := geoip2.FromBytes(assets.ASNDatabaseData())
+	runtimex.PanicOnError(err, "cannot load embedded geoip2 ASN database")
+	defer db.Close()
+	record, err := db.ASN(net.ParseIP(ip))
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	asn = record.AutonomousSystemNumber
+	if record.AutonomousSystemOrganization != "" {
+		org = record.AutonomousSystemOrganization
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+// LookupCC maps [ip] to a country code.
+func LookupCC(ip string) (cc string, err error) {
+	cc = model.DefaultProbeCC
+	db, err := geoip2.FromBytes(assets.CountryDatabaseData())
+	runtimex.PanicOnError(err, "cannot load embedded geoip2 country database")
+	defer db.Close()
+	record, err := db.Country(net.ParseIP(ip))
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	// With MaxMind DB we used record.RegisteredCountry.IsoCode but that does
+	// not seem to work with the db-ip.com database. The record is empty, at
+	// least for my own IP address in Italy. --Simone (2020-02-25)
+	if record.Country.IsoCode != "" {
+		cc = record.Country.IsoCode
+	}
+	return
+}

internal/geoipx/geoipx_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+package geoipx
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/model"
+)
+
+const ipAddr = "8.8.8.8"
+
+func TestLookupASN(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("with valid IP address", func(t *testing.T) {
+		asn, org, err := LookupASN(ipAddr)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if asn != 15169 {
+			t.Fatal("unexpected ASN value", asn)
+		}
+		if org != "Google LLC" {
+			t.Fatal("unexpected org value", org)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("with invalid IP address", func(t *testing.T) {
+		asn, org, err := LookupASN("xxx")
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected an error here")
+		}
+		if asn != model.DefaultProbeASN {
+			t.Fatal("expected a zero ASN")
+		}
+		if org != model.DefaultProbeNetworkName {
+			t.Fatal("expected an empty org")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestLookupCC(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("with valid IP address", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cc, err := LookupCC(ipAddr)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if cc != "US" {
+			t.Fatal("invalid country code", cc)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("with invalid IP address", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cc, err := LookupCC("xxx")
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected an error here")
+		}
+		if cc != model.DefaultProbeCC {
+			t.Fatal("expected an empty cc")
+		}
+	})
+}

internal/measurexlite/dns.go

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/miekg/dns"
-	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/engine/geolocate"
+	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/geoipx"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/model"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/netxlite"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/tracex"
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ func newArchivalDNSAnswers(addrs []string, resp model.DNSResponse) (out []model.
 			log.Printf("BUG: NewArchivalDNSLookupResult: invalid IP address: %s", addr)
 			continue
 		}
-		asn, org, _ := geolocate.LookupASN(addr)
+		asn, org, _ := geoipx.LookupASN(addr)
 		switch ipv6 {
 		case false:
 			out = append(out, model.ArchivalDNSAnswer{

internal/model/measurement.go

@@ -1,20 +1,47 @@
 package model
 
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
-	"net"
-	"time"
-)
-
 //
 // Definition of the result of a network measurement.
 //
 
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"time"
+)
+
 const (
+	// DefaultProbeASN is the default probe ASN as a number.
+	DefaultProbeASN uint = 0
+
+	// DefaultProbeCC is the default probe CC.
+	DefaultProbeCC = "ZZ"
+
 	// DefaultProbeIP is the default probe IP.
 	DefaultProbeIP = "127.0.0.1"
+
+	// DefaultProbeNetworkName is the default probe network name.
+	DefaultProbeNetworkName = ""
+
+	// DefaultResolverASN is the default resolver ASN.
+	DefaultResolverASN uint = 0
+
+	// DefaultResolverIP is the default resolver IP.
+	DefaultResolverIP = "127.0.0.2"
+
+	// DefaultResolverNetworkName is the default resolver network name.
+	DefaultResolverNetworkName = ""
+)
+
+var (
+	// DefaultProbeASNString is the default probe ASN as a string.
+	DefaultProbeASNString = fmt.Sprintf("AS%d", DefaultProbeASN)
+
+	// DefaultResolverASNString is the default resolver ASN as a string.
+	DefaultResolverASNString = fmt.Sprintf("AS%d", DefaultResolverASN)
 )
 
 // MeasurementTarget is the target of a OONI measurement.

internal/tracex/archival.go

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/engine/geolocate"
+	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/geoipx"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/model"
 	"github.com/ooni/probe-cli/v3/internal/netxlite"
 )
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ func (qtype dnsQueryType) makeAnswerEntry(addr string) DNSAnswerEntry {
 	answer := DNSAnswerEntry{AnswerType: string(qtype)}
 	// Figuring out the ASN and the org here is not just a service to whoever
 	// is reading a JSON: Web Connectivity also depends on it!
-	asn, org, _ := geolocate.LookupASN(addr)
+	asn, org, _ := geoipx.LookupASN(addr)
 	answer.ASN = int64(asn)
 	answer.ASOrgName = org
 	switch qtype {